Nharnet Articles/Opinions
Editorials
|
|
|
MF M}c]
mks HD [K|q mk a} < D|F > gi }G }V KkcD }p'? s Ir's }MME] pU LIkVq} lq} mk a} mkK{ Mq} D'; LIkVq }mkF D| o mk[K} mk Schq [S cgK}: mkK[Sq oH\]l Bl} LIkVq a}: mk Do} [Fpq} AL~p} qEq} { { mkH} EL} Kmk ]VI} }d\ch] LDq'; mkF M oH\]l Blg }lX HX{q XqV mk KKX [L}pq: Ą mk Dog lq mkmk ]q {mkT XqV} chM LIkS [lq XqV}: }mk ]q {mkX XqVg Dog lq lF{o} oH\]k} mks]: }D XqVg MX mk LIkV} lBE} 骣 oT: mkE mk ]q oF} mk} sD cF: c}cM mk MMlF} H`g KkcF DM} AYM} FD: }sM LIkVg aVq }MpI | HlX XqVg Kmk MĆ}: }c aVq MFE} mk mkF Blg H\mk: LIkX M K\XG MM]Vq mkF qFL H};
s cL mk pU ]kzEg LIkVq o[So H\mk ]Xq a}: Ćopq M ochL} F} ImkSo [mk a}: { LIkVrM chK si I} ]Xq} MBE mkU@ }SmkJM X{} LIkVq chK} ]\q {T; B..H.. krM a {kT lEq Ha lq mkSn mkmk: K{lmkY XqV} mkH }: oi[ ]Xo a} mk MchM LIkVq} oS }]K Ą mk Ha lq }chM LIkX ; ks lmk XqVg LIkS [mk mk a} mk1982 .M. mklEq Ha lq B..H.. mk ]rCFM - ^F| \E cK; mk ]rCFM mk]M LIkS [mk kmk oo; mk{ Fnq lEq Ha lq}: lDM }[XI Mmk} K]o} mk} Dl }smk mk; oDk }smk mkchp |mk B..H.. D {T; mk 1985 .M. IU MchM B..H.. | 15 Kq MM olAD" mk]mkHq SM MVI mk oED D DLq oD lEq: mk F l o; mks MM H mk sSk: mkl kchE {kV LIkS [lq'; mks ok[" mk 1985 }mk a} {kS LIkX: D XqVg Hc } D mkMlF: mk KUI{pq eXpq: slEq Ha lq q}: mkE rM mkM}q Dog FF KX XqV} }{{q [L} KU}: mk FD B..H.. [ {|}: mk Kp [mkpq ochFcD {kS Xq oI: }oH mk LIkS [lq} LIkX Sq XqV} g] ]] ]qVo ; mk a} IU [D]o Kq o ]qVo [UG kAF F; mk XG Kkq 1988 .M. K]X | mk ϖkq mkBlg [Vgq }; KUI{q B..H.. }o mk Bk MeEI D; M \k} o} mkoq D {kV aLDpq mkMchM: }Blg [Vgq }MI olAD Dl }smk o; MlD mk N} aLD oq} lEq Ha lq} MII M; eL M| | k {XM? mk s `` VX (1982) }p qmkT {XM? mkF}: Ha lq }dF[ }k{M'M mkT F mkF}: {s Xq's sX {kS F B..H.. mk a} ó }a'; }a } ochkD KMXG mk mkU sF {T; M}o 1990 .M. Ha lq B..H.. mkKMXG KUI{q B..H.. mk M ]F oT; s: o HX }M{]oVq} {VEq} {lVq lEq Blg [Vgq} s]Dq }Dq} KMXG mk\] ʑXc oA}[q M|' smkXB; XqV mk1991 .M. mkXG }nq mk{ d { ; E o\T Ko oK}ch[;
IU M]F Ha lq: }UqVg LIkS[mk mk a} F | M| ]qVo mkB..H.. D; F B..H.. ó }a mk1992 XG Doq }XqV : mk Kkq F [K} }a} oKD[; mkDq 14 Kkq 1992 mk ]rCFM | Bk l ; mk 500 \ 800 { XqV} oSnM {YM; o mk XqV K M{kS KmkXA Ak; mkl mkU 2% o}k@; mks l s: XqVg LIkS [mk mk a} NV]g Ms{: mk K}]o a} Sn H Kl[ ]D {: mkF sD{ HD cM D; Blg M}i]dh]} { LIkVq} < S MFg Kmk B..H.. { Mo] mk o{SD Dq'; > ó }a iM kD | MMidhF LE mk aLD La ppq {G'; }K} Do} ]omkADM {i D: }F} FM} LT; aapg EE KXkk}: KXM sKo} XM mkk oGD; KF[ AkD mko | SS}M K]XI oq; aLD La }SS}M cM{q mkMAmk: mk g{ M] La} SS}M }Mgo [UG; K]XI SS}M mk }nq 1993 osK;
n K}kX La} SS}M mk ]}|mkz Fmk \i: Ml\X mk ~X AVq o_K: mk ]KV K F B..H.. ó }a} MM} q} SS}M }MlX mk a}: {LX: {X K XqV} oF: }mkT ki ]VI }MM]}; oU sD LM }D XqVg X} SM _`g LIkX MM]Vq M{ KMXG {o KD AnM; mko l oD D lEq La: }G LIkVq DM} M[]}: kX D LIkX M BD F}' mkMlF: odhNM {chpM LrM; FrM} ELM} } [DM} 'MkX V KD; SM_`g LIkX }MM]Vq; La } mks kD}; \mk DL ok| mkmkF X]o D IpM mk KGo ]T: }{VM ]VHq Ml\X }a dD; }se{} Xc]} ]VHq B..H.. {ch; o mkE La pHI }sk Xmk {} mkF [ mkMs M]opIs: {p }La} }} o} mk XqV oEq aLD kF}: mkl oHI clM F mkD} mkF D D; }p'N kX: lDM []o lDM So ]D {: mk a} V N; S[}q mk kq Io HE YrF T }D Kpq IU MH: Ml\X mk ph| _K; mk a} s Ą 骧 L{]oX {kX ¹Y] [DK} mk kq L[Xo D;
Ml\X ó }a mko g}'o }mkchgM} I} LIkX FKD mk {kS g}: mkkmk g mk MF qF T: pg McX smkD mk KKFo mk Xn {T; mk ok }smk mksoF sSo o[{ mkMlF: Lq `Hq EX ̄; mkl's Xmk KXKV omkS }p { V oU; mkl }smk Bmk} AX} DL'} }o{ \ 600.000.000 LF} EX mk]M \] ʑXe} H] mkUAq (`) ]K soF \F\M} mk ikDM E l}pq Ą AVq D olAD }X D;
La mk 1994 \ 2000 .M. }D K|V} i} Fo K}]o XqV o_K: Mq BF { IU M|I: mkp KVIo B.... mkI} cgM} qMVI AX qBF| Dg DM DkE} o]TE} Kq 2001 }K}]o XqV mk[EM MFL} }os{ F kS}; eD aapg olVo M] A } mkoED K M LIkX }os{: D lEo M] Fq NV]} HFpq mkM}: KD} [ELg [Fpq} mk M o\oM; 2001 .M mk[} eD B[q [mkg K[Eq K}]o XqV mk@ MegM K; mk a} sD odhMo mkrM cNq mk]M [kzg LIkVq L} [ELg [Fpq} s'M; mkLIkVq MX|}: mk K}]pg qEq K}]o a} MMmk} LkD; mkMs [K LIkX XqVg Blg M}e]dh] }NV[ lF{q mk La Hoo; mkK[Sq cgM La lF{q se aLD La ; qao MDq lEq M AnM; aao lEq aLD }lF{q |'s LIkX c LM; sX} X: M|[ [ odhgNM; Up mkS]E[ M Akq}; IU \{ aLD La Md lF{q oi[q LIkX: mk HX s mk mk ^F|} okX} {kV LIkVq La odhN K; mk La lF{q AmkL sDM LIkX | Do LIkX' mkmkF Kk[; aLD La \{ I} egL} {: \{ mk{ F }IUq MsMD] ch[; IrM }X cgM M{ mkU@; KFrM XK KMXG Ak; mk ^F| {kS LIkX SM mkF D: mk okX {kS LIkX KMUGM oS| D: mk l }SkD mkF KF[ ]YM;
l La }nq 10 - 2003;
La mk M]Sq qGs }s l mkK[Sq cgK LHED F}; Mo lBD och\ sE Dq mk }LIkVq La og; mkK[Sq cgM Fo MS}: F| K[F sDg Kpg l sLDq} M{ KMXG ogAk; ks K[Sq l og; D s {[ lF soSD clg mkmk'; ]D{ }X} } (cU ]D{) {' chXmk; eL |mk l MiVk oH }smk} ochXq} Moh s SnM cNM MXMT; |'s oi[ l K]XI'} mkMs olBD lmk' o[UG; ochXo mkXA{ o]LXM: [DK} [͑ M {YM; FoM mk ^F|; M] oH }smk La mk ]rCFM oVnM McX YM; mk K[Sq oH }smk mkk mk l q; o F F }mk: mk a Kq 2002 {kS }pq LIkX ; s mkG oF cUk; ks K[Sq l oLT; mk MV Fo {gI s [; }Kpq ̇M {kT Fo LIkX K}[ | DM q ]Do{: Fo ~M q MsD} M] o{: KVIo l mkn K}kX l } oKX FLF mkS |oKXG: mk cUk} êch} {kS lpq l ]XG cD; Kpg M}e]dh\q La mk mkF X]o oq; mk lF{q Blg M}e]dh\q }NV[ M]oq: Fo okX M] D F Fo ^F| mkMqImklX: }\{ aLD La Md oi[ LIkX mkMegM: mk e p ʷYM }l orN; mk} aLD La lnM Ą mk cgM M{ mkX@ o~M; l FD aLD mkF Ko MM; aLD La ]XI }G cgM { {: l }oF cgM mkMo F {kT KHa }oKU mkX F'; s } DL mks kX {} mk l ]D s[S; mkK[So }KĄ 'MkX }mkXG }c cgM o] \{ q} M s{ KD ogAk;
s KD's }[mko }o cgM smk {kS}; I}" I se o] \{}: mkpB} XX} M rrM FD I {'M KUM;
n K}kX l HkSp aLD La} cgM mkD} [M: ]VI l eF K oH\[k; S cgM { Fo onX} [mkrM} } }YM cDM; n K}kX l mkMs oX sDM l iF F}' D M] HkS" oH }smk { mk{ }{gI s ﲧa ]D } mkmk }smk Bmk Kp}: q]o qmkT H_' D D HkSp Ak; {s'} Mq Ak}; n K}kX l }XX} c ko} ]XJM mk Mq mkMp l }nq 10 - 2003 cS g; ks l I D;
IX 2003; oH }smk mk Ka oKD[: L aLD La l aLD La g; mks M|[ [ DM oSnM; F {" }M|[ o { oD; mkK[Sq o[U {kS l l mk ]VI q; mk l [T {kS H" }c McV l Fo okX M~M: lnM mk cgM Ą M{}: mk La } mkLq aLD chSk LK }\{ " sX} sX: Up mkS]D[: F { odhgNM; mkM HF H\mk mk chSkD: }l M M; o \{ MĆ LIkX okX mkoS aLD o[{;
mkIU's F o{ l }Dq 23 pI\] 2003 mk \E kX o[{; Fo l rM mk Dq 10 }nq 2003 D'M; mks l's okX mk La M oHkTM {[: Fq K}[q mk ]rCFM [{M KM; n K}kX La} H} HorNM; mkM; mk}T }L aLD mk mk KS F[ mk{U HorM; s S} [M} mk Dq 10 }nq 2003 oKX n K}kX: }Skao ]{ ]Xq mkT}: mkaLD La o] \{ e{ M{ {T; mkMo K} kX} I'} l M skX}: mk Mu s: o\ l \ g HE{q }aLD La ʨ D D M]: mks Skaq} D Fo mk ^F|} [{rM} DM Fq} XqVg LIkS [mk okX mk La ] [{} M; Skaq} oHlkXrM} mko mkaLD La oD Va |rM l mkT M] o{: n K}kX La D] g M T; IU's D Ml oS aLD La mkDq 25 K]SM 2004 cgM La }ikD Fo LIkVq g l ; o mk Dq 10 }nq 2003 cUk {kS mkmk iUk Ha aLD KU; mklo }Integrationsverket (kF ]F} Bq) Sk;s \mk I oi[ Kpq KkcF Xo ][} mkEF} }D Bq XqV} mk qIo MchT o mks So }c\ch] X] mk a B..H.. ogD {G: mk1994 .M. oB [F B.... ; mk a La'} }Kpq mk a { [XI {G; o | mkHc ME M] oB: }La } mk qIo McT HX: mk DD o{ Xmk; LIkX: mk: [F mk EL qkHD K\XG 'MkX }X[ EL {}; B.... mksD K\XG ]DD Bk I mk MlF} McX mk sφ {} IX D F};
KUI{q B.... mkE p }XqV} Bl}: mk MmkF {kS Dog FFp: mk18 K]SM 2001 mk M Do}: cl}: LIkV} FLq M] {jp: }olT mk Bk mkV} MFE} ]}: mk M _apg K]XI' q; mk{q }i]" ]Xq ]KV kmks mkoED ]Lq' }c\ch]; mk 2002 mk]M Ko YJ <qT }Ha> mkMXVB }smk mk Bk gT {T; mkDq 01-12-2002 mk mkC - M mk KFo Ko }oU| _N}o {mkpq H KD q lM sXJM {YM; c. 2 Ms qmkF <M }Bk XqV }F | mkD opq} q} mks F| Bmk} K}]q}: mk ] kl} XoM} ~M M] ]Xpq q} ({) [}} mkT sD Xmk sekF}: mkq MM} M{ |D|: qUX| }}} mk D Blg }pq }D };> s B.... M } [F: Sq smkD ]F} MAmk }H [mk: }dM: mks X} Ig lmk} }XqVg M\X: Mg: MipF: mks p mko H KVG qFF KXM H\mk: { F Xr} {chp} sqikF'; }KMXG } KVG }osochkF Fc [mk }: mk: [F mk XqV np mkD}; mkoD rM }KMXG H [mk : }{mk^M M Dq ϷVq EDq XqV} }MchX <FF AV{q> sDM { ]NM slq ]] s ]Xq: mk pU mk oF Dog o oL} }oo} mkolYM KVIo B.... aap} M; mk ED oFq KDrM M| {]omkBDE" <mk D Blg }pq }D }> ]Xq ]KV mks }ED F F [VM KD }k }F} |; rM X@pq F Bmk| mkoi[ aapg KD M] T: }} KVG| dM mk KX|} cmkU ko [mk|} D mkDM} mkD LYM; s M MlD mkmkU X LT {T; o mkodhMo mk g l mk eLM mk}JM Xk {Vq}: kDD |mkVq FDM M]}}: mk pU oKk oX'; B.... }Bk }MMidhF} M}chq} MkX soiM lmk D}; s mk a La }G K|V |s KHX'; {o <mk D Blg }pq }D }> qmkF aapgq gM: }[kzg LIkX: mk [kzg LIkX La }o o}d\ch^M; o Hc s {[: }Dq Fc [lq ch] Md} }Iq} q} AX FK cDN; s Ha {}: s [VM Bg K|V }Kpq mk a B..H.. ogD }G: }mksHq XqV} mkoED lmk ch}D: DL mko DD eD olT kG ; kI }pIo MV } D s D; B.... cE lp X D; M[ mk Fk XqV} np [~M M;
[EM }Bk XqV Ss{ o]} a} |
|
Contact Us at: webmaster@nharnet.com |